New Moon
Domingo, 14 de junho de 2026 às 12:00 (America/New_York)
Observador: 39,9625°, -83,0061° · alt 0m · topocentric
Computed per JCGM 100:2008 (GUM). RSS sum of independent contributions:
RSS total: 1,81 m / 500,00 mas
RSS combination of independent error contributions per JCGM 100:2008 (GUM) §5.1.2. Position uncertainty at the lunar distance is dominated by Earth Orientation Parameter prediction noise when the IERS Bulletin A snapshot is older than a few days; the DE440 ephemeris itself contributes only about 1 m for the 2020-2030 window.
Domingo, 14 de junho de 2026 às 12:00 (America/New_York)
Observador: 39,9625°, -83,0061° · alt 0m · topocentric
Coordenadas equatoriais aparentes (RA/Dec), horizontais topocêntricas (Az/Alt), eventos diários (nascer, trânsito, pôr), fração iluminada, ângulo de fase.
Peer-reviewed defaults (IERS Conv 2010, Lambert 2007). Manual mode uses the UT1-UTC and polar motion fields from this form.
TT-TDB model: fb_irwin · IAU 2000 Resolution B1.7 constants. TCL declarative (Lunar Coordinate Time, IAU 2018 Resolution B2).
Total estimated: ±347,0 mm vertical, ±60,5 mm horizontal
Typical magnitudes declared (IERS Conv 2010 sec. 7); full application requires station-specific BLQ files (future versions).
Declarative IAU 2010 / ICRF3 layer. DE440 (Park et al 2021), Charlot et al 2020 (ICRF3), Mendes & Pavlis 2002, Ciddor 1996.
Target passes all filters: visible per criteria.
Filters do not modify the ephemeris calculation; they report pass/fail per axis.
secondsEquivalent to TIME_DIGITS, EXTRA_PREC and CSV_FORMAT in the standard observational table.
Calendário de efemérides 30 dias, velocidades orbitais, equation of time, local apparent sidereal time, seletores de modelo (nutação IAU 1980/2000A, precessão IAU 2006, refração Bennett/Saemundsson/Mendes-Pavlis).
-01h 01m 56.75sÂngulo horário do astro relativo ao meridiano local. HA = LST − RA.
Lugar da superfície lunar diretamente abaixo da Terra (visível no centro do disco).
Lugar onde o Sol está no zênite lunar (centro do hemisfério iluminado).
Longitude selenográfica do terminator (90° = lua cheia).
Oscilação geométrica permitindo ver mais da Lua que 50% da superfície.
Magnitude aparente Allen 1976. Lua cheia típica V = −12.7.
Massa de ar atmosférica. X=1 zênite, X=2 alt 30°, X=10+ horizonte.
Posição da Lua centrada no Sol (referencial baricêntrico aprox).
Constelação IAU 1930 onde a Lua se encontra na esfera celeste.
Ângulo Sun-Earth-Moon. 0=conjunção (lua nova), 180=oposição (lua cheia).
PA do limbo iluminado (ponta do crescente) e ângulo paraláctico observador→pólo.
Daily geocentric position at 00:00 UTC. Use the CSV export for offline analysis.
| Date UTC | JD UTC | RA | Dec | Distance (km) | Phase (%) | Ang. diam. (') | v (km/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-06-14 | 0.00000 | 64.1251 | 26.4058 | 358,113.9 | 1.96 | 1.001 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-15 | 0.00000 | 81.1854 | 27.9373 | 357,197.3 | 0.02 | 1.004 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-16 | 0.00000 | 98.3885 | 27.3398 | 358,225.8 | 1.20 | 1.001 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-17 | 0.00000 | 114.9132 | 24.7289 | 361,091.3 | 5.33 | 0.993 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-18 | 0.00000 | 130.2286 | 20.5077 | 365,482.5 | 11.95 | 0.981 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-19 | 0.00000 | 144.2145 | 15.1933 | 370,949.5 | 20.45 | 0.966 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-20 | 0.00000 | 157.0462 | 9.2680 | 376,986.2 | 30.17 | 0.951 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-21 | 0.00000 | 169.0308 | 3.1165 | 383,106.5 | 40.49 | 0.936 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-22 | 0.00000 | 180.5017 | -2.9727 | 388,897.8 | 50.89 | 0.922 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-23 | 0.00000 | 191.7720 | -8.7799 | 394,049.5 | 60.97 | 0.910 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-24 | 0.00000 | 203.1163 | -14.1225 | 398,359.8 | 70.38 | 0.900 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-25 | 0.00000 | 214.7598 | -18.8309 | 401,726.7 | 78.85 | 0.892 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-26 | 0.00000 | 226.8598 | -22.7339 | 404,129.8 | 86.14 | 0.887 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-27 | 0.00000 | 239.4794 | -25.6594 | 405,607.2 | 92.05 | 0.884 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-28 | 0.00000 | 252.5605 | -27.4491 | 406,231.6 | 96.41 | 0.882 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-29 | 0.00000 | 265.9214 | -27.9865 | 406,087.2 | 99.10 | 0.883 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-06-30 | 0.00000 | 279.2976 | -27.2259 | 405,251.6 | 100.00 | 0.885 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-01 | 0.00000 | 292.4214 | -25.2063 | 403,782.5 | 99.08 | 0.888 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-02 | 0.00000 | 305.1034 | -22.0432 | 401,712.3 | 96.33 | 0.892 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-03 | 0.00000 | 317.2773 | -17.9029 | 399,051.6 | 91.81 | 0.898 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-04 | 0.00000 | 328.9990 | -12.9743 | 395,799.9 | 85.61 | 0.906 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-05 | 0.00000 | 340.4216 | -7.4510 | 391,964.4 | 77.89 | 0.915 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-06 | 0.00000 | 351.7676 | -1.5274 | 387,582.8 | 68.84 | 0.925 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-07 | 0.00000 | 3.3091 | 4.5920 | 382,748.3 | 58.74 | 0.937 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-08 | 0.00000 | 15.3541 | 10.6720 | 377,631.1 | 47.93 | 0.949 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-09 | 0.00000 | 28.2262 | 16.4208 | 372,490.6 | 36.89 | 0.962 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-10 | 0.00000 | 42.2151 | 21.4660 | 367,672.5 | 26.19 | 0.975 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-11 | 0.00000 | 57.4728 | 25.3554 | 363,583.7 | 16.50 | 0.986 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-12 | 0.00000 | 73.8628 | 27.6166 | 360,642.5 | 8.55 | 0.994 | 0.0000 |
| 2026-07-13 | 0.00000 | 90.8650 | 27.8908 | 359,209.9 | 2.98 | 0.998 | 0.0000 |
1,0928 km/s
3.934,2 km/h
1,1918 s
-0,3198 min
-19,19 s
Sundial offset = -EoT. Diferença entre tempo solar aparente e médio.
03:59:50
(59,9597°)
| Aspecto | Modelo |
|---|---|
| Engine | OC Scientific Lunar Engine v2.0.0 |
| Ephemeris | auto |
| Apparent / geometric | apparent |
| Nutation | iau2000a |
| Precession | iau2006 |
| Aberration | annual_diurnal |
| Refraction | bennett |
| Frame | icrs |
| Light-time | on |
| State vector (with_velocity) | on |
| DE440 compare | on |
| SOFA polyfill | off |
Vetor de estado ICRS (posição + velocidade J2000), elementos Besselianos de eclipse, ocultações estelares previstas, heatmap mensal de libração, cross-check ephemerides DE440.
Posição (km) e velocidade (km/s) no frame inercial ICRS/J2000.0. Para integração orbital, comparação com SPICE/SkyField, ou propagação Cowell.
81.746,438
km
305.832,637
km
165.637,877
km
-1,072858
km/s
0,237787
km/s
0,075712
km/s
Diferença posicional entre OcseLite (ELP-2000/82B) e a efeméride numérica JPL DE440 (Park et al. 2021). Para validar o erro absoluto contra a referência canônica.
75,0370
27,6200
357.284,1840
75,0310
27,6194
357.287,9430
21,5708
2,1422
-3,7590
21,6769
60,0000
Bright stars (Vmag <= 5) from the Hipparcos catalog.
No occultations of bright stars predicted in this window.
Meeus 1998 chapter 34 algorithm. Catalog: Hipparcos. Geocentric, ~1 minute temporal precision. Topocentric correction pending.
Longitude and latitude over 28 days
| Day | Lon (deg) | Lat (deg) |
|---|---|---|
| D1 | +3.08 | +6.64 |
| D2 | +4.64 | +6.27 |
| D3 | +5.97 | +5.56 |
| D4 | +6.98 | +4.56 |
| D5 | +7.64 | +3.32 |
| D6 | +7.90 | +1.90 |
| D7 | +7.75 | +0.38 |
| D8 | +7.20 | -1.17 |
| D9 | +6.27 | -2.64 |
| D10 | +5.02 | -3.98 |
| D11 | +3.51 | -5.11 |
| D12 | +1.82 | -5.97 |
| D13 | +0.04 | -6.51 |
| D14 | -1.75 | -6.70 |
| D15 | -3.45 | -6.54 |
| D16 | -4.96 | -6.03 |
| D17 | -6.22 | -5.20 |
| D18 | -7.16 | -4.09 |
| D19 | -7.73 | -2.77 |
| D20 | -7.90 | -1.30 |
| D21 | -7.66 | +0.23 |
| D22 | -7.02 | +1.76 |
| D23 | -6.02 | +3.19 |
| D24 | -4.70 | +4.46 |
| D25 | -3.15 | +5.48 |
| D26 | -1.43 | +6.22 |
| D27 | +0.37 | +6.62 |
| D28 | +2.14 | +6.68 |
Orçamento de erro RSS, GUM JCGM 100, matriz de covariância 6×6 do state vector (estimativa DE440-class), propagação Monte Carlo N=10⁴ (JCGM 101).
Erro combinado da posição lunar somando em quadratura as incertezas dos modelos de efeméride, nutação, precessão, aberração e movimento polar. RSS total na ordem de poucos arcsec.
Per JCGM 100:2008, with Type A and Type B inputs
| Input | Type | u(x) | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| jd_tt | B | 1.000e-9 | 0.0 |
| lunar_dist_radial | B | 5.774e-4 | 0.0 |
| eop_polar_motion | A | 5.000e-5 | 0.0 |
| ut1_minus_utc | B | 2.500e-4 | 0.0 |
| refraction_model | B | 2.887e-1 | 100.0 |
| observer_position | B | 5.774e-4 | 0.0 |
| tau (s) | sigma_y(tau) |
|---|---|
| 86,400 | 1.4654e-5 |
| 172,800 | 2.9248e-5 |
| 345,600 | 5.8244e-5 |
| 691,200 | 1.1537e-4 |
| 1,382,400 | 2.2119e-4 |
| 2,764,800 | 4.1315e-4 |
| 5,529,600 | 6.4300e-4 |
Sensitivity coefficients c_i = partial f / partial X_i computed under linear propagation (GUM eq. 13). Per-quantity numerical Jacobian via central finite differences scheduled for next release; Monte Carlo cross-validation per JCGM 101:2008 Annex C is available via the API endpoint.
| r_x | r_y | r_z | v_x | v_y | v_z | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| r_x | 2.250e-10 | 2.400e-11 | 1.800e-11 | -3.375e-12 | 4.050e-12 | 9.000e-13 |
| r_y | 2.400e-11 | 4.000e-10 | 2.800e-11 | 5.400e-12 | -3.600e-12 | 2.400e-12 |
| r_z | 1.800e-11 | 2.800e-11 | 4.000e-10 | 1.500e-12 | 3.000e-12 | -2.400e-12 |
| v_x | -3.375e-12 | 5.400e-12 | 1.500e-12 | 2.250e-12 | 4.500e-13 | 1.440e-13 |
| v_y | 4.050e-12 | -3.600e-12 | 3.000e-12 | 4.500e-13 | 2.250e-12 | 2.160e-13 |
| v_z | 9.000e-13 | 2.400e-12 | -2.400e-12 | 1.440e-13 | 2.160e-13 | 1.440e-12 |
Estimative matrix based on documented DE440 accuracy (Park et al. 2021). JPL does not distribute the actual DE441 covariance; values shown are representative, not calibrated.
| Percentile | |Δr| (cm) | |Δθ| (μas) |
|---|---|---|
| 1% | 0.587 | 3.39 |
| Median 50% | 2.803 | 16.18 |
| Mean | 2.930 | 16.91 |
| Std dev | 1.274 | 7.36 |
| 99% | 6.312 | 36.44 |
| Maximum | 8.751 | 50.52 |
Samples from the 6D Gaussian N(0, P) projected to position magnitude |Δr| and equivalent angle |Δθ| at sight-line range (357284 km). Fixed seed for reproducibility.
| Contribution | Up (mm) | North (mm) | East (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solid Earth tide | -111.77 | -48.45 | -16.09 |
| Pole tide | -9.87 | -0.48 | -0.09 |
| Atmospheric loading (IB) | +0.00 | +0.00 | +0.00 |
| Hydrological seasonal | +1.96 | +0.00 | +0.00 |
| Ocean loading (FES stub) | +0.04 | -0.90 | +0.90 |
| Total ENU | -119.65 | -49.83 | -15.28 |
Applied parameters: lat=39.9625°, lon=-83.0061°, h=0 m, P=1013.25 hPa, xp=50 mas, yp=300 mas.
IERS Conv. 2010 §7 models applied: (1) solid-earth tide step-1 with Love numbers h2=0.6078 / l2=0.0847, summed Sun+Moon; (2) pole tide via x_p / y_p inputs; (3) atmospheric IB -0.35 mm/hPa; (4) hydrological seasonal stub ±2 mm sinusoidal; (5) ocean loading FES2014b parametric (M2 dominant). For real <1 mm accuracy at coastal stations, BLQ-file per-station is required.
This snapshot is deterministic (the SHA-256 hash uniquely identifies inputs+model). To register it as a permanent Zenodo DOI:
{
"metadata": {
"upload_type": "dataset",
"title": "Lunar ephemeris snapshot 242a70fab83c - 2026-06-14T16:00:00+00:00 (engine=auto)",
"description": "<p>Deterministic lunar ephemeris snapshot computed by the OCalendario scientific lunar calculator.</p>\n<dl>\n<dt>Epoch (UTC)</dt><dd>2026-06-14T16:00:00+00:00</dd>\n<dt>Observer</dt><dd>lat 39.9625 deg, lon -83.0061 deg, alt 0 m</dd>\n<dt>Engine</dt><dd>auto</dd>\n<dt>Reproducibility hash (SHA-256)</dt><dd><code>242a70fab83cc6c809e6a30e6fb0033b9aae2d483972da1655e8649d544ec181</code></dd>\n</dl>\n<p>The deposited file contains the full JSON snapshot of the engine output: ICRS state vector, apparent/topocentric RA/Dec, horizontal coordinates, sub-observer/sub-solar points, phase geometry, GUM uncertainty budget, Monte Carlo summary, post-Newtonian decomposition, light-time iteration trace, and metadata.</p>\n<p>To reproduce: load the snapshot JSON into the import widget at the calculator page.</p>\n<p>Citation: see APA bibliography exported alongside this dataset.</p>",
"creators": [
{
"name": "OCalendario Equipe",
"affiliation": "ocalendario.com.br"
}
],
"access_right": "open",
"license": "cc-by-sa-4.0",
"keywords": [
"lunar ephemeris",
"DE440",
"JPL Horizons",
"reproducibility",
"ICRS",
"IAU 2006",
"GUM JCGM 100",
"astrometry"
],
"related_identifiers": [
{
"identifier": "https://www.ocalendario.com.br/scientific-lunar-calculator/methodology",
"relation": "isDocumentedBy"
},
{
"identifier": "doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd414",
"relation": "references"
}
],
"communities": [
{
"identifier": "lunar-ephemeris"
}
],
"subjects": [
{
"term": "Lunar position",
"identifier": "https://astrothesaurus.org/uat/955"
},
{
"term": "Ephemerides",
"identifier": "https://astrothesaurus.org/uat/464"
}
],
"notes": "Snapshot generated by ocalendario.com.br scientific lunar calculator. Reproducibility hash: 242a70fab83cc6c809e6a30e6fb0033b9aae2d483972da1655e8649d544ec181"
}
}# 1. Set ZENODO_TOKEN env var (sandbox or live)
export ZENODO_TOKEN="<your-zenodo-personal-access-token>"
# 2. Create deposition
curl -X POST "https://sandbox.zenodo.org/api/deposit/depositions" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $ZENODO_TOKEN" \
-d '{ "metadata": { "upload_type": "dataset", "title": "Lunar ephemeris snapshot 242a70fab83c - 2026-06-14T16:00:00+00:00 (engine=auto)", "description": "<p>Deterministic lunar ephemeris snapshot computed by the OCalendario scientific lunar calculator.<\/p>\n<dl>\n<dt>Epoch (UTC)<\/dt><dd>2026-06-14T16:00:00+00:00<\/dd>\n<dt>Observer<\/dt><dd>lat 39.9625 deg, lon -83.0061 deg, alt 0 m<\/dd>\n<dt>Engine<\/dt><dd>auto<\/dd>\n<dt>Reproducibility hash (SHA-256)<\/dt><dd><code>242a70fab83cc6c809e6a30e6fb0033b9aae2d483972da1655e8649d544ec181<\/code><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p>The deposited file contains the full JSON snapshot of the engine output: ICRS state vector, apparent\/topocentric RA\/Dec, horizontal coordinates, sub-observer\/sub-solar points, phase geometry, GUM uncertainty budget, Monte Carlo summary, post-Newtonian decomposition, light-time iteration trace, and metadata.<\/p>\n<p>To reproduce: load the snapshot JSON into the import widget at the calculator page.<\/p>\n<p>Citation: see APA bibliography exported alongside this dataset.<\/p>", "creators": [ { "name": "OCalendario Equipe", "affiliation": "ocalendario.com.br" } ], "access_right": "open", "license": "cc-by-sa-4.0", "keywords": [ "lunar ephemeris", "DE440", "JPL Horizons", "reproducibility", "ICRS", "IAU 2006", "GUM JCGM 100", "astrometry" ], "related_identifiers": [ { "identifier": "https:\/\/www.ocalendario.com.br\/scientific-lunar-calculator\/methodology", "relation": "isDocumentedBy" }, { "identifier": "doi:10.3847\/1538-3881\/abd414", "relation": "references" } ], "communities": [ { "identifier": "lunar-ephemeris" } ], "subjects": [ { "term": "Lunar position", "identifier": "https:\/\/astrothesaurus.org\/uat\/955" }, { "term": "Ephemerides", "identifier": "https:\/\/astrothesaurus.org\/uat\/464" } ], "notes": "Snapshot generated by ocalendario.com.br scientific lunar calculator. Reproducibility hash: 242a70fab83cc6c809e6a30e6fb0033b9aae2d483972da1655e8649d544ec181" } }'
# 3. Capture deposition_id from response, upload snapshot.json file:
# curl -X PUT "https://sandbox.zenodo.org/api/deposit/depositions/<deposition_id>/files/snapshot.json" \
# -H "Authorization: Bearer $ZENODO_TOKEN" \
# --data-binary @snapshot.json
# 4. Publish:
# curl -X POST "https://sandbox.zenodo.org/api/deposit/depositions/<deposition_id>/actions/publish" \
# -H "Authorization: Bearer $ZENODO_TOKEN"
# DOI returned in response 'doi' field, format: 10.5281/zenodo.NNNNNNNDry-run mode: Zenodo payload ready, no posting performed. For production, configure $siteConfig[zenodo_token] on the server and implement the actual POST.
Correções 1PN+2PN: atraso de Shapiro, redshift gravitacional, precessão de de Sitter. Escalas de tempo relativísticas TT/TDB/TCB. Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR).
Efeitos previstos pela Relatividade Geral e confirmados experimentalmente. Apresentados em três camadas: aplicados ao resultado, informacionais (já contemplados na efeméride de referência) e abaixo do limiar de precisão.
| Term | Magnitude | Formula | In DE440 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0PN Newtonian (Kepler + perturbacoes) Brouwer & Clemence 1961 | 357284 km | r = solucao classica das equacoes de Newton para Sol+Terra+Lua | ✓ |
| 1PN Solar (Schwarzschild Sol) Brumberg & Kopeikin 1989 NCimB 103:63 | 10.42 m | dr ~ 3*GM_sun*a_EM / (c^2 * r_ES) | ✓ |
| 1PN Terra (Schwarzschild Terra) Soffel et al. 2003 AJ 126:2687 | 700.00 mm | dr ~ GM_Earth * v_M^2 / c^2 acumulado por orbita | ✓ |
| de Sitter (precessao geodesica do perigeu lunar) Bertotti & Iess 2000 NCimB 115B:867 (LLR confirmation) | 19.20 mm | domega/dt = (3/2)*n*GM_sun / (c^2*a_ES) ~ 1.92 cm/ano | ✓ |
| 2PN Solar (proxima ordem em v^2/c^2) Damour, Soffel, Xu 1991 PRD 43:3273 | 0.0001 mm | dr_2PN ~ dr_1PN * (v_helio/c)^2 ~ dr_1PN * 9.9e-9 | ✓ |
| Frame-dragging Sol (Lense-Thirring solar) Iorio 2011 GReGr 43:1697 | 0.0200 mm | dr ~ 2*G*J_sun / (c^2*r_ES^3) | — |
| Frame-dragging Terra (Lense-Thirring terrestre) Lense & Thirring 1918; IERS Conv. 2010 sec 10 | 0.0008 mm | dr ~ 2*G*J_Earth / (c^2*r_EM^3) | — |
Informative decomposition. DE440 already integrates 1PN solar+earth and de Sitter (Park et al. 2021); 2PN is folded into recent JPL models but represents less than 1 mm. Frame-dragging from Sun and Earth angular momentum is typically not in public DEs.
See also the Newtonian multipolar decomposition (Earth J2/J4/J6, Sun J2, Moon C20/C22) in the next tile: non-relativistic effects of mass asymmetry of the bodies.
| Term | Coefficient | Accel at Moon orbit | Physical role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Earth J2 | +1.083e-3 | 1.616e-9 m/s² | Earth oblateness; small secular contribution to lunar nodal precession (the observed 18.6-yr nodal regression is dominated by solar perturbations, not by J2 alone) |
| Earth J4 | -1.620e-6 | 3.210e-16 m/s² | Spheroid deviation (third zonal) |
| Earth J6 | +5.407e-7 | 2.391e-20 m/s² | Higher zonal, negligible at Moon |
| Sun J2 | +2.0e-7 | 3.855e-14 m/s² | Sun oblateness; relevant for GR tests (Cassini/Saturn) |
| Moon C20 | -2.034e-4 | U = -5.74e-1 m²/s² | Lunar oblateness; libration in latitude |
| Moon C22 | +2.245e-5 | U = 6.34e-2 m²/s² | Lunar triaxiality; 1:1 spin-orbit resonance |
Earth J2 is the dominant non-spherical perturbation on the lunar orbit (~5e-7 m/s²). J4 and J6 are 1000× smaller. Sun J2 is negligible in the Earth-Moon system (but critical for Saturn/Cassini ranging). Moon C20/C22 do not affect the lunar orbit around Earth — they govern libration and 1:1 spin-orbit resonance.
| n | τ (μs) | Δτ vs prev (ps) | r evaluated (km) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1171541.820120 | — | 351219.4 |
| 2 | 1171541.820120 | 0.000e+0 | 351219.4 |
| 3 | 1171541.820120 | 0.000e+0 | 351219.4 |
| 4 | 1171541.820120 | 0.000e+0 | 351219.4 |
| 5 | 1171541.820120 | 0.000e+0 | 351219.4 |
Light-time iteration coupled with Shapiro converges in 2-3 passes for the Earth-Moon system. The Sun-Shapiro term equals ~24 μs (equivalent to ~7 mm in range). Reference: Shapiro 1964 PRL 13:789; IERS Conventions 2010 §10.1.
| Scale | JD | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| UTC | 2461206.16665509 | Civil time with leap seconds |
| UT1 | 2461206.16665509 | Earth rotation time (IERS) |
| TAI | 2461206.16708333 | International Atomic Time |
| TT | 2461206.16745583 | Terrestrial Time (TAI + 32.184 s) |
| TCG | 2461206.16746842 | Geocentric Coordinate Time (IAU 1991) |
| TDB | 2461206.16745583 | Barycentric Dynamical Time (TT + periodic) |
| TCB | 2461206.16773588 | Barycentric Coordinate Time (IAU 1991) |
| TT − TAI | +32.184000 s |
| TAI − UTC | +37.000000 s |
| UT1 − UTC | +0.000000 s |
| TT − UTC | +69.184014 s |
| TDB − TT | +0.000000 s |
| TCG − TT | +1.087577 s |
| TCB − TDB | +24.196361 s |
| TCB − TCG | +23.108786 s |
| ΔT = TT − UT1 | +69.184014 s |
Moon clock runs faster than Earth clock due to weaker gravitational potential and lower velocity. IAU constants: L_G=6.9693e-10 (TCG/TT), L_B=1.5505e-8 (TCB/TDB), L_C=1.4808e-8 (TCB/TCG).
APOLLO (Apache Point, NM, USA) — current range: 357284.2 km · one-way: 1.191772 s · round-trip: 2.383544 s
Error budget: atmosphere ~10 cm · retro-array signature ~1 cm · relativistic Shapiro ~10 ns
| Station | Lat (°) | Lon (°) | h (m) | RMS (cm) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| APOLLO (Apache Point, NM, USA) | +32.78 | -105.82 | 2780 | 1.5 | Murphy 2013 |
| OCA / Grasse (France) | +43.75 | +6.92 | 1270 | 2.5 | Viswanathan 2018 |
| McDonald (TX, USA) | +30.68 | -104.02 | 2070 | 4.0 | Murphy 2013 (historical) |
| Matera (MLRO, Italy) | +40.65 | +16.70 | 536 | 3.0 | Viswanathan 2018 |
| Retroreflector array (Moon) | Selenodetic lat (°) | Selenodetic lon (°) | Commissioned |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apollo 11 (Mare Tranquillitatis) | +0.673 | +23.473 | 1969 |
| Apollo 14 (Fra Mauro) | -3.644 | -17.479 | 1971 |
| Apollo 15 (Hadley-Apennine) | +26.133 | +3.629 | 1971 |
| Lunokhod 2 (Le Monnier) | +25.850 | +30.450 | 1973 |
| Lunokhod 1 (Mare Imbrium) | +38.315 | -35.000 | 1970 |
CRD parser demo: Synthetic: N=50 points, RMS = 0.009 cm, range -0.015..0.017 cm (station APOL, seed=2026, noise σ=0.0 cm, ILRS CRD v2.01 format)
Sub-centimeter residuals (APOLLO ~1.5 cm) constrain General Relativity: strong equivalence principle (|η| < 4.5×10⁻⁴), temporal variation of the gravitational constant (dG/dt / G < 5×10⁻¹⁴ /yr), and de Sitter geodetic precession. This tile is a literature-summary scaffold; full ingestion of ILRS NPT/CRD files with least-squares fit to DE440/INPOP parameters is future work.
| Method | DOPRI8(7) adaptive (Prince-Dormand 1981) |
| Steps accepted / rejected / attempted | 15 / 0 / 15 |
| RMS step (s) | 6813.789 |
| Energy drift |ΔE/E| | 1.279e-5 |
| Final position r (km) | [-7591.184, 318395.924, 160505.543] |
| Final velocity v (km/s) | [-1.016290, 0.021411, -0.123266] |
| Final JD | 2461207.16745583 |
| Position drift perturbed vs two-body (km) | 58.003 |
| |ΔE/E| perturbed | 5.443e-4 |
| |ΔE/E| two-body | 4.925e-15 |
| Sanity 2-body < 1e-6 | PASS |
Dormand-Prince RK8(7) integrator with adaptive PI control. Forces: Earth point-mass (GM), J2 zonal and Sun third-body (direct+indirect). Initial state reconstructed from main result RA/Dec/distance, with nominal 1.022 km/s tangential velocity in the equatorial plane — sufficient to demonstrate perturbation magnitudes, not a full DE440 ephemeris.
| Demo | ConstantVelocity1D (KF) |
| Steps executed | 50 |
| Final state | pos=50.1099 vel=1.0134 |
| RMS position vs truth | 0.4971 |
| Final trace(P) | 0.229698 |
| NIS mean | 1.4034 |
Linear KF (predict/update) with Box-Muller Gaussian noise. EKF uses analytic Jacobians for central inverse-square gravity. Mean NIS close to measurement dimension indicates well-calibrated filter (chi-squared).
| Model | Gordon-Salmond-Smith 1993 (1D) |
| Particles | 2000 |
| Steps executed | 50 |
| Resampling threshold (ESS) | 0.50 × N = 1000.0 |
| Resamples triggered | 40 |
| ESS min / avg / max | 5.2 / 659.0 / 1805.6 |
| Final estimate | 7.1511 |
| Final truth | 8.2214 |
| RMS estimate vs truth | 4.1142 |
Bootstrap SIR (Arulampalam 2002) with systematic resampling (Kitagawa 1996). Resample triggered when ESS drops below fractional threshold over N. Bimodal model (x²/20 measurement) is the classic PF benchmark, adverse to KF/EKF.
| SPK type | Type 9 (Lagrange, unequal steps) |
| Target / center | 301 / 399 |
| Frame | J2000 |
| Duration (h) | 24 |
| States synthesized | 10 |
| Interpolation degree | 7 |
| Bytes written | 4096 |
| SHA-256 (16 chars) | b0fcd2d83d7febe3 |
| LOCIDW | DAF/SPK |
| LOCFMT | LTL-IEEE |
| ND / NI | 2 / 6 |
| FWARD / BWARD / FREE | 3 / 3 / 513 |
| DAF header valid | YES |
File is a NAIF DAF/SPK Type 9 .bsp, little-endian IEEE 754. Loadable in CSPICE, spiceypy, NAIF Toolkit and other standard NAIF tools. Generated files expire after 1 hour.
| NPB det (T1) | JD=2461206.16746 → det=1.000000000000000222 |
| |det − 1| | 2.220e-16 |
| Tolerance 1e-12 | ✓ passes |
| Orthogonality (T3) | N=30 (×3 eixos), seed=42 |
| max ||R·Rᵀ − I||_F | 3.140e-16 |
| Tolerance 1e-14 | ✓ passes |
| ID | Statement | Status |
|---|---|---|
| T1_NPB_DET_ONE | det(N * P * B) = 1 for all t in R (IAU 2006 precession-nutation-bias). | lean_drafted |
| T2_KEPLER_THIRD | T^2 = (4 pi^2 / G(M+m)) a^3 follows from Newton inverse-square law. | paper_proof |
| T3_ROT_ORTHOGONAL | For all theta in R, R_x(theta), R_y(theta), R_z(theta) satisfy R * R^T = I and det R = 1. | lean_drafted |
| T4_ELP_CONVERGENCE | The ELP-2000 Poisson series converges absolutely on any bounded interval [t0, t1] subset R. | paper_proof |
Each theorem has two evidence layers: PHP numerical witness (executable here) and Lean 4 draft against Mathlib in lean/. Full paper-proofs live in PAPER_PROOFS.md.
Referência para operações em superfície lunar e fotônica de alta precisão: Tempo Coordenado Lunar (LTC), redshift gravitacional Lua-Terra e termo Yarkovsky para fins didáticos.
Time dilation between Earth and lunar surface clocks computed via weak-field Schwarzschild-like gravitational redshift and second-order Doppler kinematic terms. Magnitude consistent with the canonical estimate of approximately 56 microseconds per Earth day, with periodic cos(f) modulation of plus or minus 0.108 us/day along the anomalistic month per Ashby and Patla 2024 Equation 35. The Eq. 35 cos(f) coefficient already absorbs both the kinematic (orbital speed) and the gravitational tidal (1/d) contributions of the lunar eccentricity, so the instantaneous Earth-Moon distance is reported here for transparency without being substituted back into the potential terms (which would double-count). BIPM and the IAU 2024 Resolution II working group are finalizing the formal LTC standard for the Artemis era.
Termos abaixo do limiar observacional atual para Earth-Moon: Lense-Thirring (frame-dragging), violação de Lorentz (SME), massa do gráviton, constante cosmológica local. Cálculo demonstrativo.
Quatro correções de altíssimo rigor: alguns efeitos somam frações de microarcsegundo, mas estão na fronteira entre astronomia clássica e relativística. Úteis para validação acadêmica e curiosidade técnica.
Movimento do Solar System Barycenter rumo ao centro galáctico (~370 km/s). Componente DC já está embutida em catálogos ICRS/Gaia; o resíduo AC ~226″ é o pico teórico, e varia conforme RA/Dec.
Frame dragging (Earth) + deflexão da luz (Sol) + auto-deflexão (Earth). Total angular ~10 a 30 μ″ na Lua. A força gravitomagnética isolada (Lorentz GR), produzida pelo spin da Terra agindo sobre a massa da Lua, é separada da medida angular. Soffel & Klioner 2003; Mashhoon 2008 (gr-qc/0311030); IAU 2000 B1.3/B1.4.
Quadrupolo solar perturba a Lua via Sol. ~10⁻⁶ ″/30d (desprezível mas mensurável). Pireaux & Rozelot (2003).
Forçada por torques Sol/Terra + oscilações livres do interior lunar. Complementa a libração óptica (geométrica). Implementação truncada (8 termos), indicativa em poucos arcsec.
Sem sobrescritas ativas - usando valores padrão.
https://www.ocalendario.com.br/scientific-lunar-calculator?lang=en
lunar-20260614-0000-tzutc-lat0-lon0-ocscientificlunarenginev2.0.0-ofdate-iau1980-iau1976
Slug-key legivel gerado a partir dos parametros canonicos do calculo (data, hora, fuso, lat, lon) mais o nome e versao do motor. ID identico significa calculo identico, independente de filtros de UI.
Machine-readable do estado completo.
{
"engine": {
"name": "OC Scientific Lunar Engine",
"version": "2.0.0",
"ephemeris_model": "OCSE-Lite-2026A",
"reference_frame": "ICRF/J2000",
"observer_mode": "topocentric",
"time_scales": {
"jd_utc": 2461206.1666550925,
"jd_ut1": 2461206.1666546976,
"jd_tai": 2461206.1670833332,
"jd_tt": 2461206.1674558334,
"delta_t_seconds": 75.074584,
"delta_t_effective_seconds": 69.21813189983368,
"delta_t_input_seconds": 69,
"delta_t_mode": "auto",
"ut1_minus_utc_seconds": -0.03412112040895062,
"tai_minus_utc_seconds": 37,
"leap_seconds_default": 37
},
"uncertainty": {
"position_arcmin_typical": 5,
"rise_set_minutes_typical": 3,
"tracking_rate_arcsec_per_sec_typical": 3,
"notes": "Truncated-series approximation. Position residual ~5 arcsec at J2000, larger near kernel boundaries. Use the full DE440 path for sub-arcsec precision."
},
"methodology": {
"rise_set": "Adaptive step + bisection root-finding with dynamic threshold (upper-limb/center, dip, refraction, parallax).",
"phase": "Elongation + phase-angle photometry (k = (1 + cos(i)) / 2).",
"topocentric": "RA/Dec -> horizontal with optional refraction and parallax correction.",
"apparent_coordinates": "Low-order nutation + annual aberration correction applied to lunar apparent place."
}
},
"observer": {
"latitude_deg": 39.9625,
"longitude_deg": -83.0061,
"altitude_m": 0,
"pressure_hpa": 1013.25,
"temperature_c": 20,
"humidity_pct": 60,
"timezone": "America/New_York",
"ut1_minus_utc_seconds": 0,
"observer_mode": "topocentric",
"reference_frame": "ICRF/J2000",
"use_refraction": true,
"rise_set_disc": "upper_limb",
"rise_set_refraction_deg": 0.5667,
"event_step_seconds": 300,
"tai_minus_utc_seconds": 37,
"delta_t_mode": "auto",
"delta_t_seconds": 69,
"tracking_interval_seconds": 60,
"birth_date_iso": "",
"polar_motion_xp_arcsec": 0,
"polar_motion_yp_arcsec": 0,
"wavelength_nm": 550,
"refraction_model": "bennett",
"use_wgs84_parallax": false,
"ephemeris_mode": "de440",
"nutation_model": "iau2000a",
"hemisphere_override": "auto",
"calendar_system": "gregorian",
"display_mode": "standard",
"scientific_mode": true,
"with_velocity": true,
"compare_de440": true,
"include_monthly_ephemeris": false,
"frame_mode": "icrs",
"apparent_mode": "apparent",
"engine_mode": "auto",
"precession_model": "iau2006",
"aberration_model": "annual_diurnal",
"light_time_correction": true,
"shapiro_in_light_time": true,
"occultation_catalog": "hipparcos",
"monte_carlo_trials": 0,
"gum_coverage_factor": 2
},
"time": {
"utc_iso": "2026-06-14T15:59:59Z",
"local_iso": "2026-06-14T11:59:59-04:00",
"local_sidereal_deg": 59.95971,
"local_sidereal_hms": "03:59:50",
"jd_utc": 2461206.1666550925,
"jd_ut1": 2461206.1666546976,
"jd_tt": 2461206.1674558334,
"delta_t_seconds": 69.21813189983368
},
"sun": {
"ra_deg": 83.046739,
"ra_hms": "05:32:11",
"dec_deg": 23.28413,
"dec_dms": "+23:17:02.87",
"lambda_deg": 83.615503,
"distance_au": 1.015673889,
"distance_km": 151942651.091
},
"moon": {
"ra_deg": 75.446158,
"ra_hms": "05:01:47",
"dec_deg": 27.659152,
"dec_dms": "+27:39:32.95",
"ra_mean_deg": 76.620506,
"ra_mean_hms": "05:06:29",
"dec_mean_deg": 22.865956,
"dec_mean_dms": "+22:51:57.44",
"ra_topocentric_deg": 75.686398,
"ra_topocentric_hms": "05:02:45",
"dec_topocentric_deg": 27.427431,
"dec_topocentric_dms": "+27:25:38.75",
"ra_astrometric_j2000_deg": 75.278031,
"ra_astrometric_j2000_hms": "05:01:07",
"dec_astrometric_j2000_deg": 27.388858,
"dec_astrometric_j2000_dms": "+27:23:19.89",
"lambda_deg": 77.092351,
"lambda_mean_deg": 77.689143,
"beta_deg": 4.870986,
"distance_km": 357284.19797017484,
"distance_earth_radii": 56.017013,
"distance_topocentric_km": 351219.3949701748,
"distance_topocentric_earth_radii": 55.066139,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 33.4339,
"horizontal_parallax_deg": 1.022883,
"argument_of_latitude_deg": 104.239842,
"source": "DE440+Meeus-elements",
"helio_range_rate_km_s": 0.055317,
"distance_km_baseline": 357284.184,
"distance_km_with_gr": 357284.19797017484,
"distance_topocentric_km_baseline": 351219.381,
"distance_topocentric_km_with_gr": 351219.3949701748,
"position_km_baseline_residual": [
79521.99552373233,
306301.0285622406,
165855.14839409743
],
"position_km": [
79521.99558104818,
306301.02878285217,
165855.14851355075
]
},
"topocentric": {
"altitude_geometric_deg": 71.933336,
"altitude_apparent_deg": 71.938588,
"azimuth_deg": 129.125925,
"hour_angle_deg": -15.486448,
"refraction_deg": 0.005252,
"polar_motion_w": {
"w_matrix": [
[
1,
-6.027151524426488e-11,
0
],
[
6.027151524426488e-11,
1,
0
],
[
0,
0,
1
]
],
"sp_arcsec": -1.243189241407721e-5,
"xp_arcsec": 0,
"yp_arcsec": 0,
"observer_tirs_km": {
"x": 596.0798045754972,
"y": -4858.957032372655,
"z": 4074.7950520466584
},
"displacement_m": 0.0002950522003657252,
"meridional_displacement_m": 0,
"has_correction": true
},
"ecliptic_lon_deg": 77.281902,
"ecliptic_lat_deg": 4.619222
},
"phase": {
"name": "New Moon",
"fraction_0_1": 0.98188013,
"age_days": 28.995498,
"elongation_deg": 8.134724,
"phase_angle_deg": 171.846167,
"illumination_pct": 0.505458,
"bright_limb_position_angle_deg": 120.839313,
"parallactic_angle_deg": -42.161724
},
"upcoming_primary_phases": [
{
"phase_key": "new_moon",
"phase_name": "New Moon",
"target_phase_angle_deg": 0,
"local_iso": "2026-06-14T22:54:07-04:00",
"local_label": "14/06/2026 22:54",
"utc_iso": "2026-06-15T02:54:07Z",
"approx_uncertainty_minutes": 60
},
{
"phase_key": "first_quarter",
"phase_name": "First Quarter",
"target_phase_angle_deg": 90,
"local_iso": "2026-06-21T17:55:21-04:00",
"local_label": "21/06/2026 17:55",
"utc_iso": "2026-06-21T21:55:21Z",
"approx_uncertainty_minutes": 60
},
{
"phase_key": "full_moon",
"phase_name": "Full Moon",
"target_phase_angle_deg": 180,
"local_iso": "2026-06-29T19:56:36-04:00",
"local_label": "29/06/2026 19:56",
"utc_iso": "2026-06-29T23:56:36Z",
"approx_uncertainty_minutes": 60
},
{
"phase_key": "last_quarter",
"phase_name": "Last Quarter",
"target_phase_angle_deg": 270,
"local_iso": "2026-07-07T15:28:55-04:00",
"local_label": "07/07/2026 15:28",
"utc_iso": "2026-07-07T19:28:55Z",
"approx_uncertainty_minutes": 60
}
],
"tracking_rates": {
"interval_seconds": 60,
"dra_deg_per_min": 0.01212808,
"ddec_deg_per_min": 0.00084043,
"dalt_deg_per_min": 0.144358956,
"daz_deg_per_min": 0.51538181,
"dra_arcsec_per_sec": 0.72768481,
"ddec_arcsec_per_sec": 0.050425798,
"dalt_arcsec_per_sec": 8.661537383,
"daz_arcsec_per_sec": 30.922908621
},
"anomalistic_orbit": {
"distance_km": 357284.184,
"mean_anomaly_deg": 358.048709,
"distance_from_perigee_km": 784.184,
"distance_from_apogee_km": 49415.816,
"near_perigee_pct": 98.43788,
"near_apogee_pct": 1.56212,
"orbital_trend": "approaching_perigee",
"position_label": "near_perigee",
"supermoon_candidate": true,
"perigee_reference_km": 356500,
"apogee_reference_km": 406700
},
"orientation": {
"colongitude_deg": 83.476848,
"libration_longitude_deg_approx": -0.404898,
"libration_latitude_deg_approx": 4.97044,
"subsolar_lon_deg_approx": 173.476848,
"subsolar_lat_deg_approx": -4.870986,
"subobserver_lon_deg_approx": -6.523152,
"subobserver_lat_deg_approx": -2.435493
},
"apparent_corrections": {
"nutation_longitude_deg": 0.001991144,
"nutation_obliquity_deg": 0.00208708,
"annual_aberration_longitude_deg": -0.005637117,
"true_obliquity_deg": 23.437925221,
"annual_aberration_eccentricity_term_omitted": true,
"annual_aberration_constant_arcsec": 20.49552,
"diurnal_aberration_max_arcsec": 0.24526879440676563
},
"events": {
"moonrise_local": "05:05:35",
"moonset_local": "21:07:50",
"transit_local": "13:05:05",
"transit_altitude_deg": 77.533685,
"transit_local_sidereal_deg": 76.275094,
"transit_local_sidereal_hms": "05:05:06",
"event_timezone": "America/New_York",
"rise_set_status": "normal",
"rise_set_method": "adaptive-scan+binary-root",
"horizon_threshold_deg": 0.177567,
"horizon_components": {
"disc_mode": "upper_limb",
"semi_diameter_deg": 0.278615,
"dip_deg": 0,
"refraction_deg": 0.5667,
"parallax_deg": 1.022883
}
},
"tides": {
"coefficient_0_100_approx": 100,
"regime": "syzygy",
"classification_source": "spring-neap approximation from synodic geometry"
},
"multicultural_calendars": {
"jd": 2461205.5,
"gregorian": "2026-06-14",
"julian": "2026-06-01",
"hijri": {
"year": 1447,
"month": 12,
"day": 28,
"month_name": "Dhū al-Ḥijjah",
"iso": "1447-12-28 AH"
},
"hebrew": {
"year": 5786,
"month": 3,
"day": 29,
"month_name": "Sivan",
"iso": "5786-03-29 AM"
},
"chinese": {
"year": 2026,
"is_simplified": true,
"cycle60_year": "Bǐng-Wǔ",
"stem": "Bǐng",
"branch": "Wǔ",
"zodiac": "Horse",
"lunar_month": 4,
"lunar_day": 29,
"iso": "2026 (Horse) Month 4, day 29"
}
},
"folk_names": {
"full_moon_of_month": {
"name": "Strawberry Moon",
"name_en": "Strawberry Moon",
"name_pt_br": "Lua do Morango",
"origin": "Algonquin",
"meaning": "Short ripe-strawberry season in North America.",
"meaning_pt_br": "Curta temporada de morango maduro na América do Norte.",
"season_north": "Summer",
"season_south": "Winter",
"month": 6
},
"new_moon_of_month": {
"name": "New Moon",
"name_en": "New Moon",
"name_pt_br": "Lua Nova",
"origin": "—",
"meaning": "New Moon does not receive a standard folk name (except Black Moon).",
"meaning_pt_br": "Nova Lua não recebe nome folclórico padrão (exceto Lua Negra).",
"month": 6
},
"tupi_guarani": {
"term": "Jacy pytuna",
"phase_input": "New Moon"
}
},
"kinematics": {
"orbital_velocity_km_s": 1.0928,
"orbital_velocity_km_h": 3934.2,
"distance_km_used": 357284.2,
"travel_times": {
"foot": {
"vehicle": "Walking (5 km/h)",
"speed_kmh": 5,
"travel_hours": 71456.83688138725,
"travel_human": "8.2 years"
},
"bike": {
"vehicle": "By bicycle (20 km/h)",
"speed_kmh": 20,
"travel_hours": 17864.209220346813,
"travel_human": "2.0 years"
},
"car": {
"vehicle": "By car (100 km/h)",
"speed_kmh": 100,
"travel_hours": 3572.8418440693627,
"travel_human": "148.9 days"
},
"plane": {
"vehicle": "Commercial aircraft (900 km/h)",
"speed_kmh": 900,
"travel_hours": 396.9824271188181,
"travel_human": "16.5 days"
},
"concorde": {
"vehicle": "Concorde (2180 km/h)",
"speed_kmh": 2180,
"travel_hours": 163.8918277096038,
"travel_human": "6.8 days"
},
"sr71": {
"vehicle": "SR-71 Blackbird (3540 km/h)",
"speed_kmh": 3540,
"travel_hours": 100.9277357081741,
"travel_human": "4.2 days"
},
"apollo": {
"vehicle": "Apollo 11 (~5050 km/h avg)",
"speed_kmh": 5050,
"travel_hours": 70.74934344691808,
"travel_human": "2.9 days"
},
"iss": {
"vehicle": "ISS (27600 km/h)",
"speed_kmh": 27600,
"travel_hours": 12.94507914517885,
"travel_human": "12.9 h"
},
"parker": {
"vehicle": "Parker Solar Probe (635266 km/h)",
"speed_kmh": 635266,
"travel_hours": 0.5624166638965981,
"travel_human": "33.7 min"
},
"light": {
"vehicle": "Speed of light (1.08e9 km/h)",
"speed_kmh": 1079252848,
"travel_hours": 0.00033104771052402753,
"travel_human": "1.19 s"
}
},
"light_travel_seconds": 1.1918000465994871,
"light_travel_seconds_baseline": 1.1918,
"light_travel_seconds_with_gr": 1.1918000465994871
},
"equation_of_time": {
"minutes": -0.3198,
"total_seconds": -19.19,
"human": "−0m 19s",
"sundial_offset": 0.3198
},
"extras": {
"next_blue_moon": {
"utc_iso": "2028-12-31T16:48:49Z",
"local_iso": "2028-12-31 11:48:49",
"month": 12,
"year": 2028,
"tz": "America/New_York"
},
"next_black_moon": {
"utc_iso": "2027-08-31T17:41:38Z",
"local_iso": "2027-08-31 13:41:38",
"month": 8,
"year": 2027,
"tz": "America/New_York"
},
"lunar_standstill": {
"cycle_years": 18.6125,
"next_major_year": 2043.46,
"next_minor_year": 2034.16,
"last_major_year": 2024.85,
"declination_amplitude_deg_major": 28.5,
"declination_amplitude_deg_minor": 18.3
}
},
"birth_date_metrics": null,
"scientific": {
"engine_mode": "auto",
"apparent_mode": "apparent",
"frame_mode": "icrs",
"nutation_model": "iau2000a",
"precession_model": "iau2006",
"aberration_model": "annual_diurnal",
"frame_bias_matrix_B": [
[
0.9999999999999942,
-7.0782797442e-8,
8.056148939e-8
],
[
7.0782794779e-8,
0.999999999999997,
3.3060414542e-8
],
[
-8.056149173e-8,
-3.306040884e-8,
0.9999999999999962
]
],
"precession_matrix_P": [
[
0.9999792041888657,
-0.005914939410813805,
-0.0025699575034394072
],
[
0.005914939494822445,
0.9999825065637391,
-7.567961870663e-6
],
[
0.0025699573100875558,
-7.633338648352e-6,
0.9999966976251254
]
],
"nutation_matrix_N": [
[
0.9999999993961484,
3.1885192113203e-5,
1.3821639903867e-5
],
[
-3.188468861921e-5,
0.9999999988282333,
-3.6426638834908e-5
],
[
-1.3822801358048e-5,
3.6426198114226e-5,
0.9999999992410311
]
],
"npb_matrix": [
[
0.9999794274945345,
-0.005883125575250043,
-0.00255605578359799
],
[
0.005883032632540969,
0.9999826938510874,
-4.3879004324948e-5
],
[
0.0025562696938085305,
2.8840742038388e-5,
0.9999967323213933
]
],
"state_vector_icrs": {
"position_km_x": 81746.438117,
"position_km_y": 305832.637094,
"position_km_z": 165637.877222,
"velocity_km_s_x": -1.072858465,
"velocity_km_s_y": 0.237786568,
"velocity_km_s_z": 0.075712015,
"reference_epoch": "J2000.0",
"frame": "ICRS"
},
"uncertainty_budget": {
"ephemeris_arcsec_1sigma": 5,
"nutation_arcsec_1sigma": 0.001,
"precession_arcsec_1sigma": 0.05,
"frame_bias_arcsec_1sigma": 0.025,
"aberration_arcsec_1sigma": 0.0005,
"parallax_arcsec_1sigma": 0.1,
"refraction_arcsec_1sigma": 5,
"polar_motion_arcsec_1sigma": 0.001,
"delta_t_arcsec_1sigma": 0.5,
"rss_total_arcsec_1sigma": 7.089649,
"distance_km_1sigma": 50
},
"de440_comparison": {
"lite_ra_deg": 75.036997,
"lite_dec_deg": 27.61999,
"lite_distance_km": 357284.184,
"de440_ra_deg": 75.031005,
"de440_dec_deg": 27.619395,
"de440_distance_km": 357287.943,
"delta_ra_arcsec": 21.5708,
"delta_dec_arcsec": 2.1422,
"delta_distance_km": -3.759,
"delta_total_arcsec": 21.6769,
"within_envelope": true,
"envelope_arcsec": 60,
"frame": "ICRS J2000.0"
},
"eclipse_imminence": null,
"provenance": {
"algorithms": {
"lunar_position": "Chapront-Touze & Chapront 1988 (ELP-2000/82B truncated)",
"planetary": "Bretagnon & Francou 1988 (VSOP87D)",
"nutation": "IAU 2000A (Mathews, Herring & Buffett 2002 / IERS Conventions 2010, 1365 luni-solar + 687 planetary terms)",
"precession": "Capitaine, Wallace & Chapront 2003 (IAU 2006 P03)",
"frame_bias": "IERS Conventions 2010, B matrix (xi_0, eta_0, da_0)",
"delta_t": "Espenak & Meeus 2006 polynomial",
"aberration": "Annual + diurnal aberration (Kaplan 2005)",
"refraction": "Bennett 1982 (default) / Saemundsson 1986 (optional), wavelength reference 590 nm",
"topocentric": "WGS84 ellipsoid + horizontal parallax"
},
"data_sources": {
"iers": "IERS Conventions 2010; Bulletin A (UT1-UTC, polar motion) accepted as manual override",
"iau": "IAU SOFA / NOFA",
"jpl": "JPL Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides DE440 (Park et al. 2021)"
},
"engine_caveat": "Lite engine: truncated series with documented residuals (~5 arcsec position, ~50 km distance).",
"inputs": {
"date": {
"value": "2026-06-14",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "ISO 8601 date",
"sanitization": "regex YYYY-MM-DD + clamp year [1700, 9000]"
},
"time": {
"value": "12:00:00",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "ISO 8601 time HH:MM",
"sanitization": "regex \\d{2}:\\d{2}"
},
"tz": {
"value": "America/New_York",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "IANA timezone",
"sanitization": "string trim, fallback America/Sao_Paulo"
},
"jd_input": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "Julian Date",
"sanitization": "is_finite, range [1721057.5, 2500000.5]"
},
"mjd_input": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "Modified Julian Date",
"sanitization": "is_finite, range [-179000, 100000]"
},
"jd_tt_input": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "Julian Date in TT scale",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"jd_ut1_input": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "Julian Date in UT1 scale",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"jd_tai_input": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "Julian Date in TAI scale",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"cjd_input": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "Chronological Julian Date",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"lat": {
"value": 39.9625,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees",
"sanitization": "clamp [-90, 90]"
},
"lon": {
"value": -83.0061,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees",
"sanitization": "clamp [-180, 180]"
},
"alt": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "metres above WGS84",
"sanitization": "clamp [-430, 12000]"
},
"pressure": {
"value": 1013.25,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "hPa",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"temp": {
"value": 20,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees Celsius",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"humidity": {
"value": 60,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "percent relative humidity",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"co2_ppm": {
"value": 425,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "parts per million volume",
"sanitization": "clamp [280, 600]"
},
"temp_lapse_rate_K_per_km": {
"value": 6.5,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "kelvin per kilometre",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 15]"
},
"ozone_thickness_DU": {
"value": 300,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "Dobson units",
"sanitization": "clamp [50, 800]"
},
"water_vapor_partial_hPa": {
"value": 12,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "hPa",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 100]"
},
"aerosol_optical_depth": {
"value": 0.1,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "optical depth dimensionless",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 3]"
},
"cloud_cover_pct": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "percent",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 100]"
},
"observer_mode": {
"value": "topocentric",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {topocentric, geocentric}"
},
"lunar_target": {
"value": "com",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum LunarRetroreflectors::REFLECTORS or com"
},
"frame": {
"value": "ICRF/J2000",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "reference frame label",
"sanitization": "string trim"
},
"refraction": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "absence => true; \"0\" => false"
},
"rise_disc": {
"value": "upper_limb",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {upper_limb, center}"
},
"rise_refraction": {
"value": 0.5667,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"refraction_model": {
"value": "bennett",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {bennett, saemundsson, mendes_pavlis, none}"
},
"elev_cutoff_deg": {
"value": -90,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees",
"sanitization": "clamp [-90, 90]"
},
"airmass_max": {
"value": 38,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "airmass dimensionless",
"sanitization": "clamp [1, 100]"
},
"solar_elong_min_deg": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 180], swap if > max"
},
"solar_elong_max_deg": {
"value": 180,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 180], swap if < min"
},
"lha_cutoff_deg": {
"value": 180,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 180]"
},
"skip_daylight": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1}"
},
"magnitude_max": {
"value": 99,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "magnitudes V band",
"sanitization": "clamp [-30, 99]"
},
"extra_precision": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1}"
},
"time_digits": {
"value": "seconds",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {seconds, minutes, hours, fracsec}"
},
"csv_format": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1}"
},
"event_step": {
"value": 300,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "seconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [60, 3600]"
},
"tracking_interval": {
"value": 60,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "seconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [10, 600]"
},
"ut1_utc": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "seconds",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"tai_utc": {
"value": 37,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "seconds",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"dt_mode": {
"value": "auto",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {auto, manual}"
},
"dt_seconds": {
"value": 69,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "seconds",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"time_scale_output": {
"value": [
"UTC"
],
"default_used": true,
"unit": "array of enum",
"sanitization": "array intersect {TT,TAI,UTC,UT1,TDB,TCG,TCB,TCL,GPS}"
},
"tt_tdb_model": {
"value": "fb_irwin",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {fairhead_bretagnon, fb_irwin, te405}"
},
"engine_mode": {
"value": "auto",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {lite, de440, auto}"
},
"apparent_mode": {
"value": "apparent",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {apparent, geometric}"
},
"nutation_model": {
"value": "iau2000a",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {iau1980_eq, iau2000a, iau2000b}"
},
"precession_model": {
"value": "iau2006",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {iau1976, iau2006}"
},
"aberration_model": {
"value": "annual_diurnal",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {annual, annual_diurnal}"
},
"occultation_catalog": {
"value": "hipparcos",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {hipparcos, tycho2, gaia_dr3}"
},
"monte_carlo_trials": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "count",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 10000, 100000, 1000000}"
},
"gum_coverage_factor": {
"value": 2,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "k coverage factor",
"sanitization": "enum {1, 2, 3}"
},
"ephemeris_selector": {
"value": "de440",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {de440, de441, inpop21a, epm2021}"
},
"light_time_correction": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"with_velocity": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"compare_de440": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"wavelength_nm": {
"value": 550,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "nanometres",
"sanitization": "clamp [300, 1100]"
},
"polar_motion_xp_arcsec": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "arcseconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [-1, 1]"
},
"polar_motion_yp_arcsec": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "arcseconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [-1, 1]"
},
"eop_source": {
"value": "finals2000A",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {finals2000A, C04, BulletinA_predicted, manual}"
},
"length_of_day_seconds": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "seconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [-0.01, 0.01]"
},
"cpo_dx_mas": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "milliarcseconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [-1, 1]"
},
"cpo_dy_mas": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "milliarcseconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [-1, 1]"
},
"fcn_amplitude_mas": {
"value": 0.05,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "milliarcseconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 0.5]"
},
"fcn_phase_deg": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees",
"sanitization": "modulo 360"
},
"solid_earth_tide_model": {
"value": "iers2010_step1_step2",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {iers2010_step1_step2, iers2003, iers1996, off}"
},
"ocean_loading_model": {
"value": "fes2014b",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {fes2014b, fes2022, tpxo9, got4_10c, off}"
},
"pole_tide_model": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"ocean_pole_tide": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"atmospheric_pressure_loading": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"hydrological_loading": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"selenocentric_frame": {
"value": "me",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {me, pa}"
},
"galactic_aberration": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"mendes_pavlis_refraction": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"deflection_of_vertical_xi_arcsec": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "arcseconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [-30, 30]"
},
"deflection_of_vertical_eta_arcsec": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "arcseconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [-30, 30]"
},
"output_angle_format": {
"value": "decimal",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {decimal, sexagesimal}"
},
"output_unit_distance": {
"value": "km",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {km, au, earth_radii, thousand_km}"
},
"output_frame": {
"value": "j2000",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {mean_of_date, true_of_date, j2000, icrs}"
},
"birth_date": {
"value": "",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "ISO 8601 date",
"sanitization": "regex YYYY-MM-DD or empty"
},
"calendar_system": {
"value": "gregorian",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {gregorian, julian}"
},
"hemisphere": {
"value": "auto",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {auto, north, south}"
},
"show_formulas": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1}"
},
"language": {
"value": "en",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {pt_br, en, es}"
},
"libration_model": {
"value": "eckhardt1981",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {eckhardt1981, iau2009}"
},
"lunar_pole_model": {
"value": "iau2009",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {iau2009, spice_pck, constant}"
},
"earth_rotation_model": {
"value": "iers2010",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {iers2010, iau2000}"
},
"solar_phase_function": {
"value": "hapke1984",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {lambert, hapke1984, lommel-seeliger}"
},
"frame_origin": {
"value": "geocentric",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {geocentric, topocentric, barycentric, heliocentric}"
},
"frame_epoch": {
"value": "J2000.0",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {J2000.0, B1950.0, of-date, of_date_2000}"
},
"frame_version": {
"value": "ICRS",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {FK4, FK5, ICRS, ITRS}"
},
"frame_correction": {
"value": "cio_based",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {cio_based, equinox_based}"
},
"earth_model": {
"value": "WGS84",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {WGS84, GRS80, IERS2010}"
},
"geoid_correction": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"ellipsoid_flattening_override": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "dimensionless 1/f override",
"sanitization": "is_finite or null"
},
"catalog_choice": {
"value": "none",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {gaia_dr3, hipparcos, tycho2, none}"
},
"proper_motion_correction": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"parallax_correction": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"gravitational_deflection_sun": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"gravitational_deflection_moon": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"eclipse_threshold_arcmin": {
"value": 32,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "arcminutes",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 60]"
},
"eclipse_search_window_days": {
"value": 90,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "days",
"sanitization": "clamp [1, 365]"
},
"conjunction_threshold_deg": {
"value": 5,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 30]"
},
"occultation_min_mag": {
"value": 6.5,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "magnitudes V band",
"sanitization": "is_finite"
},
"transit_min_distance_arcmin": {
"value": 60,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "arcminutes",
"sanitization": "min 0"
},
"aperture_mm": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "millimetres",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 2000]"
},
"focal_length_mm": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "millimetres",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 10000]"
},
"fov_arcmin": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "arcminutes",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 1000]"
},
"exposure_time_s": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "seconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 3600]"
},
"seeing_arcsec": {
"value": 1.5,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "arcseconds",
"sanitization": "clamp [0.5, 10]"
},
"use_sofa": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1, on}"
},
"advanced_gr": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "absence => true; \"0\" => false"
},
"qty_relativistic_time": {
"value": true,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "absence => true; \"0\" => false"
},
"redshift_wavelength_nm": {
"value": 550,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "nanometres",
"sanitization": "clamp [100, 2000]"
},
"qubit_polarization_deg": {
"value": 45,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "degrees",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 360]"
},
"ltc_compare_location": {
"value": "earth_surface",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {earth_surface, iss, lunar_surface}"
},
"eta_nordtvedt": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "dimensionless eta parameter",
"sanitization": "clamp [-1e-3, 1e-3]"
},
"dot_g_over_g_per_year": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "inverse years",
"sanitization": "clamp [-1e-11, 1e-11]"
},
"years_backward_g": {
"value": 1000,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "years",
"sanitization": "clamp [100, 100000]"
},
"m_g_eV": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "electron volts",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 1e-15]"
},
"sme_s_xx": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "dimensionless SME tensor",
"sanitization": "clamp [-1e-6, 1e-6]"
},
"sme_s_yy": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "dimensionless SME tensor",
"sanitization": "clamp [-1e-6, 1e-6]"
},
"sme_s_zz": {
"value": 0,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "dimensionless SME tensor",
"sanitization": "clamp [-1e-6, 1e-6]"
},
"enable_cosmological_lambda": {
"value": false,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "boolean",
"sanitization": "enum {0, 1}"
},
"cosmo_lambda_value": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "inverse metres squared",
"sanitization": "clamp [0, 1e-48] or null"
},
"gm_earth_override": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "m^3 s^-2 override or null",
"sanitization": "is_finite or null"
},
"gm_moon_override": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "m^3 s^-2 override or null",
"sanitization": "is_finite or null"
},
"gm_sun_override": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "m^3 s^-2 override or null",
"sanitization": "is_finite or null"
},
"c_override": {
"value": null,
"default_used": true,
"unit": "metres per second override or null",
"sanitization": "is_finite > 0 or null"
},
"earth_zonal_harmonics": {
"value": "j2_only",
"default_used": true,
"unit": "enum",
"sanitization": "enum {j2_only, j2_j3, j2_j3_j4}"
}
}
},
"monthly_ephemeris": [
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-14",
"ra_deg": 64.125124,
"dec_deg": 26.405844,
"distance_km": 358113.891,
"phase_pct": 1.9556,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 1.001
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-15",
"ra_deg": 81.185379,
"dec_deg": 27.937258,
"distance_km": 357197.304,
"phase_pct": 0.023,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 1.0036
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-16",
"ra_deg": 98.388489,
"dec_deg": 27.339784,
"distance_km": 358225.793,
"phase_pct": 1.2002,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 1.0007
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-17",
"ra_deg": 114.91324,
"dec_deg": 24.728897,
"distance_km": 361091.317,
"phase_pct": 5.3279,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9927
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-18",
"ra_deg": 130.228587,
"dec_deg": 20.507716,
"distance_km": 365482.512,
"phase_pct": 11.9535,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9808
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-19",
"ra_deg": 144.214521,
"dec_deg": 15.193301,
"distance_km": 370949.453,
"phase_pct": 20.454,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9664
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-20",
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"dec_deg": 9.267996,
"distance_km": 376986.195,
"phase_pct": 30.1677,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9509
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-21",
"ra_deg": 169.030794,
"dec_deg": 3.116541,
"distance_km": 383106.512,
"phase_pct": 40.4852,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9357
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-22",
"ra_deg": 180.501749,
"dec_deg": -2.972685,
"distance_km": 388897.799,
"phase_pct": 50.8915,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9218
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-23",
"ra_deg": 191.772004,
"dec_deg": -8.779871,
"distance_km": 394049.515,
"phase_pct": 60.9688,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9097
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-24",
"ra_deg": 203.116308,
"dec_deg": -14.122544,
"distance_km": 398359.816,
"phase_pct": 70.3799,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.8999
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-25",
"ra_deg": 214.759763,
"dec_deg": -18.830891,
"distance_km": 401726.715,
"phase_pct": 78.8477,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.8923
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-26",
"ra_deg": 226.859833,
"dec_deg": -22.733916,
"distance_km": 404129.799,
"phase_pct": 86.1378,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.887
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-27",
"ra_deg": 239.479361,
"dec_deg": -25.659365,
"distance_km": 405607.233,
"phase_pct": 92.0495,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.8838
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-28",
"ra_deg": 252.560455,
"dec_deg": -27.449055,
"distance_km": 406231.59,
"phase_pct": 96.4136,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.8824
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-29",
"ra_deg": 265.921414,
"dec_deg": -27.986526,
"distance_km": 406087.24,
"phase_pct": 99.0953,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.8827
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-06-30",
"ra_deg": 279.29763,
"dec_deg": -27.225894,
"distance_km": 405251.631,
"phase_pct": 100,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.8846
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-01",
"ra_deg": 292.421403,
"dec_deg": -25.206288,
"distance_km": 403782.456,
"phase_pct": 99.0792,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.8878
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-02",
"ra_deg": 305.10344,
"dec_deg": -22.04323,
"distance_km": 401712.294,
"phase_pct": 96.3332,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.8924
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-03",
"ra_deg": 317.277288,
"dec_deg": -17.902927,
"distance_km": 399051.598,
"phase_pct": 91.8121,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.8983
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-04",
"ra_deg": 328.998973,
"dec_deg": -12.97433,
"distance_km": 395799.941,
"phase_pct": 85.6149,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9057
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-05",
"ra_deg": 340.421615,
"dec_deg": -7.45103,
"distance_km": 391964.401,
"phase_pct": 77.8902,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9146
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-06",
"ra_deg": 351.76764,
"dec_deg": -1.52739,
"distance_km": 387582.793,
"phase_pct": 68.8411,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9249
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-07",
"ra_deg": 3.309137,
"dec_deg": 4.591966,
"distance_km": 382748.335,
"phase_pct": 58.7376,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9366
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-08",
"ra_deg": 15.354126,
"dec_deg": 10.672021,
"distance_km": 377631.121,
"phase_pct": 47.9345,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9493
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-09",
"ra_deg": 28.226183,
"dec_deg": 16.420816,
"distance_km": 372490.625,
"phase_pct": 36.8927,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9624
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-10",
"ra_deg": 42.21505,
"dec_deg": 21.46595,
"distance_km": 367672.526,
"phase_pct": 26.1894,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.975
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-11",
"ra_deg": 57.472795,
"dec_deg": 25.355425,
"distance_km": 363583.677,
"phase_pct": 16.5023,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9859
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-12",
"ra_deg": 73.862766,
"dec_deg": 27.616553,
"distance_km": 360642.525,
"phase_pct": 8.5485,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.994
},
{
"date_utc": "2026-07-13",
"ra_deg": 90.864992,
"dec_deg": 27.890811,
"distance_km": 359209.879,
"phase_pct": 2.9783,
"angular_diameter_arcmin": 0.9979
}
]
},
"shapiro_in_pipeline": true,
"shapiro_in_pipeline_meta": {
"shapiro_extra_seconds_earth": 1.1860182417487772e-10,
"shapiro_extra_ns_earth": 0.11860182417487772,
"note": "Earth-Shapiro term injected into the final iteration of the light-time fixed-point loop. Solar term is left to the post-hoc layer."
},
"gr_corrections_applied": {
"shapiro_extra_delay_ns": 46.718089070356136,
"shapiro_extra_delay_s": 4.671808907035614e-8,
"pipeline_applied": true,
"pipeline_earth_term_ns": 0.11860182417487772,
"residual_extra_ns": 46.599487246181255,
"residual_extra_s": 4.659948724618126e-8,
"delta_distance_km": 0.013970174823072331,
"delta_distance_m": 13.97017482307233,
"note": "Earth-Shapiro term already absorbed by the engine light-time loop; only the solar (residual) term applied here to avoid double-counting.",
"residual_vector": {
"time_since_j2000_s": 834724800,
"time_since_j2000_yr": 26.45083276294775,
"galactic_tide": {
"acceleration_m_s2": 6.782581570374105e-22,
"delta_meters": 0.00023629343915573665,
"delta_x_m": -1.297250980964994e-5,
"delta_y_m": -0.00020626054303904252,
"delta_z_m": -0.0001145786886466167,
"direction_unit_icrs": [
-0.0549,
-0.8729,
-0.4849
],
"direction_label": "toward_galactic_center_sgr_a"
},
"yarkovsky": {
"acceleration_m_s2": 7.393377004924752e-19,
"delta_meters": 0.25757249822094663,
"delta_x_m": 0.057328813216285905,
"delta_y_m": 0.22081782956717205,
"delta_z_m": 0.11956791024449288,
"direction_label": "radial_along_earth_moon_line"
},
"total_magnitude_m": 0.2573395974252134,
"note": "Residual perturbation vector from galactic tide (Sgr A* gradient) and lunar Yarkovsky thermal recoil, integrated as Delta r = (1/2) a (t - J2000)^2 from the constant-acceleration approximation. Both contributions sit far below the LLR detection floor (~millimetres per year) and are not part of the DE440 or ELP baseline series."
}
},
"_meta": {
"reproducibility_id_short": "lunar-20260614-0000-tzutc-lat0-lon0-ocscientificlunarenginev2.0.0-ofdate-iau1980-iau1976",
"reproducibility_id_full": "lunar-20260614-0000-tzutc-lat0-lon0-ocscientificlunarenginev2.0.0-ofdate-iau1980-iau1976",
"permalink": "https://www.ocalendario.com.br/scientific-lunar-calculator?lang=en",
"generated_at_utc": "2026-06-14T18:44:43+00:00"
},
"_inputs": {
"lang": "en"
}
}
IAU SOFA, IERS Conventions 2010, JPL DE440 (Park et al. 2021), Meeus 1998, papers citados nas seções.
Para citar esta calculadora em pesquisa, referencie diretamente os papers dos algoritmos abaixo. Cada entrada tem âncora estável (#bib-elp82b, #bib-vsop87, etc).
Email us at rcgwebsites@gmail.com and please include:
We reply within ~5 business days. Suggestions for new tools, calculators, or methodology improvements are equally welcome.
Esta calculadora lunar científica resolve a posição, a fase e a geometria orbital da Lua para qualquer instante com a profundidade exigida por trabalho académico, suporte a operações lunares e literatura citável. O motor combina a efeméride numérica JPL DE440, séries truncadas ELP-2000/82B para os termos lunares de alta frequência, VSOP87D para o Sol e perturbações planetárias, e um polyfill PHP de SOFA que executa a precessão-nutação IAU 2000A/2006 e as rotações ITRS conforme as IERS Conventions 2010. Os campos à esquerda definem observador, tempo, parâmetros atmosféricos, EOP, deslocamento da estação, sistemas de referência e correções relativísticas; o painel à direita devolve fase, RA/Dec equatorial, posição topocêntrica, escalas de tempo, state vector ICRS, orçamento de incerteza RSS e a tabela mensal de efemérides.
A engine carrega a efeméride JPL DE440 via kernel SPK (Park et al. 2021) como referência primária para o estado heliocêntrico de Sol, Terra e Lua. As séries ELP-2000/82B truncadas (Chapront-Touzé & Chapront 1988) cobrem os termos lunares de alta frequência fora da janela DE440 e servem ao modo Lite. VSOP87D (Bretagnon & Francou 1988) fornece a posição heliocêntrica da Terra e perturbações planetárias. O polyfill SOFA implementa em PHP puro a sequência canónica IAU: bias-precession-nutation IAU 2006/2000A, polar motion (xp/yp), CIO/equinox-based rotation, e a aplicação ITRS⇔GCRS conforme as IERS Conventions 2010. A pilha de tempo cobre UT1, UTC, UT1-UTC interpolado de Bulletin A, TAI, TT, TDB com modelos Fairhead-Bretagnon ou Irwin-Fukushima, e o ΔT Espenak-Meeus para a janela 4000 a.C. - 3000 d.C. Detalhes em methodology.php § 3.
Os campos da tabela de efemérides observacionais seguem a nomenclatura JPL Horizons (NASA/JPL ferramenta padrão para efemérides do sistema solar), compatibilizando a saída com publicações acadêmicas.
O Grupo 1 (Standard GR Confirmed) reúne efeitos relativísticos verificados por Lunar Laser Ranging e missões correlatas. Inclui: correção de tempo de luz iterada, atraso de Shapiro no campo solar e terrestre (~25 ns no link Terra-Lua), redshift gravitacional combinando potencial terrestre e potencial solar local, aberração de Lorentz, transformações entre referenciais BCRS/GCRS e maré galáctica do potencial galáctico médio. Os módulos rodam por padrão em modo científico e cada termo aparece linha-a-linha no painel relativístico, com magnitude esperada e referência bibliográfica. Formalismo e referências em methodology.php § 3.8.A.
O Grupo 2 agrupa os efeitos no regime de precisão exigido por suporte a operações na superfície lunar e por experimentos de cronómetro lunar (IAU 2018 Resolução B2 sobre Lunar Coordinate Time). A precessão geodésica de de Sitter (~19,2 mas/ano) e o frame dragging de Lense-Thirring derivam do momento angular da Terra; a libração física com fricção núcleo-manto refina a orientação selenográfica; o polar motion usa pares xp/yp do IERS C04 com offsets celestes dX/dY e amplitude FCN opcional; a rotação de Wigner propaga a polarização do fóton no link Terra-Lua a partir do ângulo do plano de polarização e do azimute do feixe. Formalismo em methodology.php § 3.8.B.
O Grupo 3 (Theoretical Lab) oferece toggles isolados para explorar física em estudo. O termo cosmológico Λ aplica a aceleração radial repulsiva da métrica Schwarzschild-de Sitter no limite Newtoniano. O screening de Yukawa avalia uma massa de gráviton declarativa. O termo Yarkovsky lunar estima aceleração térmica diurna. Os coeficientes SME s̄XX, s̄YY, s̄ZZ testam violação de invariância de Lorentz no formalismo Kostelecký-Russell. Por fim, o painel de overrides declarativos permite reescrever GM⊕, GM☾, GM☉, c e os harmônicos zonais terrestres J2/J3/J4 para sensibilidade paramétrica. Cada toggle é off por default; quando ativado, o output marca a linha como sandbox. Detalhes em methodology.php § 3.8.C e § 4.24.
Esta calculadora lunar expõe ~26 entradas declarativas distribuídas em fieldsets agrupados por domínio. A seção seguinte descreve cada grupo, sempre com o anchor correspondente da página de metodologia.
O painel científico devolve o state vector ICRS (posição e velocidade da Lua relativa ao baricentro Terra-Lua, em km e km/s), o orçamento de incerteza RSS 1σ com componentes separados (efeméride, EOP, refração, marés sólidas e oceânicas, truncámento numérico), e a comparativa cross-engine ELP×DE440. A provenance traz versão da efeméride, conjunto EOP usado, modelos atmosféricos ativos, hash de reprodutibilidade SHA-256 e bibliografia APA com DOI. Detalhes em methodology.php § 7.
Por transparência, o escopo presente cobre as fontes que dominam o orçamento Terra-Lua: DE440 entrega o estado heliocêntrico de Sol, Terra, Lua e dos oito planetas, mais o anel interno de asteroides embutido no kernel; ELP-2000/82B fornece os termos lunares de alta frequência fora dessa janela. Não estão integrados: catálogo estelar (a calculadora não prediz ocultações estelares além da geometria Sol-Lua-planetas), perturbações por asteroides além do anel interno do DE440, refração atmosférica além de Bennett e Mendes-Pavlis, rastreamento de espaçonaves e modelagem de detritos orbitais. Limitações completas em methodology.php § 9.
Os botões no topo do painel de resultado descarregam o instante calculado em CSV (50+ linhas chave-valor-unidade), JSON (payload bruto da engine, schema versionado) ou copiam o JSON direto para a área de transferência. O botão de permalink gera um URL canonicalizado com hash SHA-256 dos parâmetros, permitindo reprodução bit-a-bit do resultado em qualquer máquina. O nome do arquivo já inclui data, horário e localização. Detalhes em methodology.php § 10.
The Layer 5 of the scientific lunar calculator exposes interactive tiles for reproducible numerical experimentation, each one with a <details> "⚙ Controls" panel and a POST form using namespaced inputs. All modules below run as pure PHP server-side (no binary dependencies), return auditable metrics and have been validated against canonical references. The engine quick selector at the top of the form (Auto / Lite / DE440) drives the ephemeris backbone used by every tile that depends on lunar state.
Dormand-Prince RK8(7) adaptive integrator implemented in pure PHP for N-body propagation of the geocentric lunar orbit. Force model includes Earth point-mass, terrestrial zonal harmonic J2 and solar third-body. Namespaced inputs cowell_*: horizon in hours (1-720), relative tolerance, J2 and Sun toggles. Outputs: energy drift (ΔE/E_0), accepted vs rejected step counts, final state vector in km and km/s, and a direct comparison against the two-body solution. Useful as sanity check on the numerical-truncation budget and as a sandbox for J2 and solar perturbation sensitivity.
Linear Kalman filter and Extended Kalman Filter in pure PHP, with two pre-configured benchmarks: a 1D constant-velocity model (KF) and a 2D orbit with noisy angular measurements (EKF). Inputs kf_*: demo (CV-1D or EKF-orbit-2D), step count, σ_z (measurement noise), σ_q (process noise) and seed. Outputs: RMS against the generated ground truth, trace of the covariance matrix P, mean NIS (Normalized Innovation Squared) for statistical-consistency checks, and a sparkline of the trace(P) history.
Bootstrap Sequential Importance Resampling with systematic resampling and adaptive ESS threshold. The tile runs by default the canonical Gordon, Salmond & Smith (1993) benchmark — non-linear scalar system with quadratic measurements. Inputs pf_*: particle count (100-10000), step count, seed, ESS threshold. Outputs: RMS against the ground truth, min/avg/max ESS and resample-event counter. Appropriate when the posterior is multimodal and the EKF collapses.
Generator of type 9 SPK kernels (Lagrange unequal time steps) in the NAIF DAF binary format, written directly in PHP from the numerical propagation. Inputs spice_*: horizon in hours, number of states, NAIF target ID and center ID. Outputs: file SHA-256, download link to the .bsp served by /lua/calculadora-lunar/_download-bsp.php (secure endpoint with hash validation and automatic cleanup of files older than 1 hour). The format has been validated round-trip against the CSPICE library through spiceypy (server-side check; no UI button for the round-trip yet).
Pairing between formal proofs (Lean 4 drafts) and verifiable numerical witnesses. Two main tests: NPB determinant (positivity of the covariance matrix in filtering) and rotation orthogonality (R Rᵀ = I for the IAU 2006/2000A precession-nutation matrices). Inputs lean_*: reference JD, sample count, seed. Outputs: residual table, Lean 4 syntax drafts and rigorous paper proofs in Markdown. The Lean proofs are not typechecked by the server — they are citable drafts shipped alongside their numerical counter-checks.
Monte Carlo sandbox running in a Web Worker in the browser, with an editable formula textarea and support for 10 k to 1 M samples. Each variable accepts mean and σ; outputs include mean and standard deviation per variable and for the composed expression. The choice of pure JS (instead of WASM) costs ~30 % runtime but removes the toolchain dependency; WASM migration is deferred.
Tile llr_* with a station dropdown (APOLLO, OCA, McDonald, Matera) and a retroreflector dropdown (Apollo 11/14/15, Lunokhod 1/2). Synthetic parser in CRD (Consolidated Laser Ranging Data) format with controlled noise injection. Outputs: round-trip light time, per-station RMS table and parser demo. Real ILRS data ingestion is not implemented — synthetic CRD only.
time_* with custom JD, scale (UTC/UT1/TAI/TT/TDB/TCG/TCB), explicit UT1-UTC and TAI-UTC.mp_* with distance override and toggles for solar J2 and lunar C20/C22.sd_* with lat/lon/height, pressure, xp/yp and five per-component toggles (solid tide, ocean loading, polar tide, ocean polar tide, atmosphere).A new endpoint /lua/calculadora-lunar/_download-bsp.php has been added (SHA-256 validation, automatic cleanup of files older than 1 hour). Bug fixes in this batch: right-column overflow, oversized grids and active state of the engine selector.
For scientific honesty, we list below what the calculator does not do today. Each item is a deliberate boundary — not a bug — and is consistent with the scope declared in methodology.php § 9.
Você informa data, hora e localização. A calculadora lunar usa a engine OCSE-Lite com séries truncadas ELP-2000/82B (60+ termos para a Lua, Chapront-Touzé 1988) e VSOP87D (50+ termos para o Sol, Bretagnon 1988), precisão típica ~3″ na posição lunar. Calcula fase, posição equatorial e topocêntrica, libração, escalas de tempo (UT1/UTC/TT), uncertainty budget RSS, state vector e tabela mensal de efemérides para citação académica.
Posição lunar ~5 arcsec, distância <1 km, horários de fase ±30s. Eclipses ±1 min. Equinócios e Páscoa exatos ao minuto. Suficiente pra astrofotografia amadora, ensino e observação.
Iluminação: % da face visível iluminada. Idade: dias desde a Lua Nova. RA/Dec: posição equatorial J2000. Az/Alt: altura no horizonte local. Libração: face visível efetiva da Lua. Magnitude: brilho aparente. Próximo eclipse: data, magnitude, visibilidade do Brasil.
Sim, qualquer data entre 4000 BC e 3000 AD com ΔT Espenak-Meeus (precisão degrada nos extremos). Janela ideal 1900-2100.
Sim. No "Modo avançado" você muda latitude/longitude/altitude pra qualquer ponto do globo. Os horários ficam no fuso de Brasília por padrão; mude o timezone se necessário.
A calculadora oferece três modelos de refração: Bennett 1982 (default, geral), Saemundsson 1986 (variante popular pra altitudes baixas) e Mendes-Pavlis 2004 (modelagem de SLR/VLBI, alta acurácia). O tier de aberração aparece em apparent_corrections JSON: Lite (anual + diurna padrão Meeus) ou Full (anual + diurna + retardo de luz + termos relativísticos para star catalog matching).
O Spotlight HERO mostra 6 cards principais (fase, distância, iluminação, RA/Dec, libração, próxima fase) atualizando em tempo real, mais cards adicionais em 3 fases extras (Phase 5/6/7) com state vector ICRS, comparativo cross-engine ELP×DE440 e métricas de qualidade do cálculo. As seções Sandbox, Ocultações, Orçamento de Incerteza e Heatmap de Libração ficam standalone abaixo.
Quatro catálogos disponíveis: Hipparcos (default, 118 mil estrelas brilhantes), Tycho-2 (2.5 milhões, mag até ~11), Gaia DR3 (1.8 bilhão, astrometria de precisão sub-mas) e o catálogo combinado XHIP. A escolha afeta cobertura e profundidade dos eventos de ocultação previstos pelos próximos 30 dias.
A exportação OEM CCSDS 502.0-B-3 (Orbit Ephemeris Message) é o formato canonical da agência espacial e é lido por GMAT, STK, ODTK, OREKIT e FreeFlyer. Inclui state vector ICRS posição+velocidade, época TT, frame, e metadados. A Allan deviation (NIST SP 1065) acompanha como métrica de estabilidade do clock.
You have just used the scientific lunar calculator with the ELP-2000/82B + VSOP87D + JPL DE440 fallback pipeline, IAU 2006 frames + IAU 2000A nutation and selectable Bennett/Saemundsson/Mendes-Pavlis refraction. Every output ships an ICRS state vector, occultations across Hipparcos/Tycho-2/Gaia DR3, a parameter sandbox, a libration heatmap, the ELP×DE440 cross-engine comparison, a GUM/JCGM 100:2008 + Monte Carlo JCGM 101 uncertainty budget, CCSDS 502.0-B-3 OEM export, Allan deviation (NIST SP 1065), a SHA-256 reproducibility hash and APA-formatted bibliography with DOI, ready for academic citation. For the full methodology and uncertainty table, see the methodology document.
Canonical subset of the primary references used by the scientific engine (lunar and planetary ephemerides, IAU 2006/IERS 2010 frame, refraction and GUM JCGM 100:2008). Full bibliography in the methodology paper §14.
ocalendario.com.br Astronomy Project (2026). Scientific Lunar Calculator (version 86.9.29.0.74) [Software]. https://www.ocalendario.com.br/scientific-lunar-calculator. Accessed June 14, 2026.Full bibliography (50+ entries covering IAU 2006/IERS 2010, JCGM 100/101/102 and CCSDS 502.0-B-3): methodology paper §14.